Getting Started

Object-Oriented Programming using Java

This subject introduces the student to object-oriented programming. The student learns to build reusable objects, encapsulate data and logic within a class, inherit one class from another and implement polymorphism. Adhere to object-oriented programming principles including encapsulation, polymorphism and inheritance when writing program code

Learning outcomes

• Understand the concepts of object oriented (OO) programs to solve problems and fundamentals of object-oriented programming in Java Practice basic Java language syntax and semantics to write Java programs and use concepts such as variables, conditional and iterative execution methods
• Uses streams to read and write data from/to different types of sources/targets
• Discuss the benefits and the use of JAVA’s Exceptional handling mechanism
• Identify classes, objects, members of a class and relationships among them needed for a specific problem
• Explain the concept and demonstrates the use of Polymorphism, Encapsulation, Abstraction and Inheritance in java Discuss the principles and the use of abstract classes and interfaces in java
• Understand and implement a complete program using object array Explain the principles and the use of some (java collections) abstract data types (list, set, map)

Academic policy

• Cheating, plagiarism and breach of copyright are serious offenses under this Policy.
• Cheating Cheating during a test or exam is construed as talking, peeking at another student’s paper or any other clandestine method of transmitting information.
• Plagiarism Plagiarism is using the work of others without citing it; that is, holding the work of others out as your own work. Breach of Copyright If you photocopy a textbook without the copyright holder’s permission, you violate copyright law.

Prerequisite(s)

PRF192 - Programming Fundamentals

Java Technology

Java technology is a high-level, robust, and secure programming platform. It includes:

• Java Programming Language: A powerful, object-oriented language.
• Java Virtual Machine (JVM): Executes Java bytecode and enables cross-platform functionality.
• Java Application Programming Interface (API): A large collection of ready-to-use libraries and tools.

The Java Programming Language

Java is:

• Object-Oriented: Based on objects and classes.
• Platform-Independent: Write once, run anywhere (WORA) through the JVM.
• Strongly Typed: Type checking at both compile-time and runtime.
• Syntax Similar to C/C++: Makes it easy for developers from those backgrounds.

Java Platform

The Java platform includes:

• JDK (Java Development Kit): Tools for developing Java applications.
• JRE (Java Runtime Environment): Libraries and JVM needed to run Java applications.
• JVM (Java Virtual Machine): Core of the platform that runs bytecode.

Java Platform Editions

• Java SE (Standard Edition): Core functionality for general-purpose programming.
• Java EE (Enterprise Edition): Tools for enterprise-level applications (now Jakarta EE).
• Java ME (Micro Edition): Tailored for embedded systems and mobile devices.
• JavaFX: For developing rich GUI applications.

Bytecode

• What is Bytecode?: Intermediate, platform-independent code generated by the Java compiler.
• Executed by the JVM, not directly by the operating system.
• Enables portability, security, and performance optimization.
• Stored in .class files after compiling .java source files.

Example: A Simple Java Program

public class HelloWorld {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        System.out.println("Hello, World!");
    }
}